Chapter 2: Emerging Trends

NCERT solutions Emerging Trends

1. List some of the cloud-based services that you are using at present.

At present we are using many cloud-based services, some of them are as following: 1. Cloud Storage: Google Drive, Sky Drive, Drop box etc. 2. Cloud software (SAAS): SalesForce, Slack, Zoom etc. 3. Cloud Infrastructure (IAAS): DigitalOcean, IBM, Datrium etc. 4. Cloud Plastform(PAAS): Acquia, AWS (Amazon Web Services), Heroku

2. What do you understand by the Internet of Things? List some of its potential applications.

IoT or Internet of Things refers to connecting many devices through hardware or software and communicate with each other as well as human beings through internet to work with collaboration and assist each other and form a networking of things. Potential Applications of IoT : 1. Smart Home 2. Wearables 3. Smart City 4. Smart Grids 5. Industrial Internet

3. Write short notes on the following: a) Cloud Computing b) Big data and its Characteristics

a) Cloud Computing: In cloud computing refers to a virtual computers than can be access a software, services or storage on internet. These software, services, and storage provided by cloud services providers based on payment or some of them are free also. It allows to use large applications through the internet without any physical storage. If you are using Facebook, google photos, google drive, sky drive, etc. these are examples of cloud computing. Advantages: 1. Accessible anytime, anywhere on the internet 2. Cost-effective and reasonable cost 3. On-demand sources 4. Allows to use of resources as per the need b) Big data and its characteristics: According to Gartner “Big data” is high-volume, -velocity and -variety information assets that demand cost-effective, innovative forms of information processing for enhanced insight and decision making.“ This definition clearly focuses on: 1. Large or Huge volume of data which is going to be processed 2. It can extract information which gives a huge benefit 3. It can help in decision making 4. It can provide insight information Big data increases the volume day by day. It is in huge amount so cannot be processed or analyzed using conventional methods. Some of the popular terms associated with big data for processing are data mining, data storage, data analysis, data sharing, and data visualization. Characteristics of Big data: 1.Volume: It refers to the number of big data in terms of size. It is in very big size or voluminous data. 2.Velocity: It refers to the rate of data transfer at very high speed. 3.Variety: Data is available in different forms like structured, unstructured, and semistructured. It can       be different files like text, images, videos, web pages, etc. 4.Veracity: It refers to the intensity of the reliability of data. When a large volume of data is going to       be processed, sometimes chances are there to produce incorrect data. 5.Value: It is the quantity of data including amount, reliability of data to be processed.

NCERT solutions Emerging Trends 4. Explain the following along with their applications. a) Artificial Intelligence b) Machine Learning

a) Artificial Intelligence: Artificial Intelligence endeavours to  simulate the natural intelligence of human beings into machines, thus making them behave intelligently. An intelligent machine is supposed to imitate some of the cognitive functions of humans like learning, decisionmaking and problem solving. In order to make machines perform tasks with minimum human intervention, they are programmed to create a knowledge base and make decisions based on it. AI system can also learn from past experiences or outcomes to make new decisions. Applications: 1. Getting your friends tagged automatically on social media 2. Robots 3. Smartphones 4. Google maps in finding the fastest route b) Machine Learning: Machine Learning is a subsystem of Artificial  Intelligence, wherein computers have the ability to learn from data using statistical techniques, without being explicitly programmed by a human being. It comprises algorithms that use data to learn on their own and make predictions. These algorithms called models are first trained and tested using training data and testing data, respectively. After successive training, once these models are able to give results to an acceptable level of accuracy, they are used to make predictions about new and unknown data. Applications: 1.Image Recognition 2.Speech Recognition 3.Self-driving cars 4.Virtual Personal Assistant 5.Traffic prediction

NCERT solutions Emerging Trends 5. Differentiate between cloud computing and grid computing with suitable examples.

Cloud Computing It works on the client-server architecture. Resources are stored on the server and provided to the user as and when required. The server is the leader and controls the architecture. It is more flexible compared to Grid Computing.
Grid Computing It works on distributed computing architecture. Resources are stored in a device and linked with the devices. All devices can be used in a collaborative approach. It is less flexible compared to Cloud Computing.

6. Justify the following statement- ‘Storage of data is cost-effective and time-saving in cloud computing.

Cloud computing stores data into a server and it is available at almost free of cost or nominal cost. When it comes to time-saving by saving data on the internet there is no need to wait to start up any computer or device. It is easily available with a browser program or app of that. So it can be accessed any time from anywhere.

7. What is the on-demand service? How it is provided in the cloud computing?

On-demand service means that data is available as and when required. In cloud computing, users can access any file by using a login with a username or email account and password. This is called on-demand service.

8. Write examples of the following: a) Government provided cloud computing platform  The government of India has provided a government cloud service named Megh Raj. b) Large scale private cloud service providers and the services they provide

As we have discussed earlier google is large-scale private cloud service provider which provide storage, web services, and many more things.

9. A company interested in cloud computing is looking for a provider who offers a set of basic services such as virtual server provisioning and on-demand storage that can be combined into a platform for deploying and running customized applications. What type of cloud computing model fit these requirements? a) Platform as a Service b) Software as a Service c) Infrastructure as a Service

The correct answer is option c) Infrastructure as a Service NCERT solutions Emerging Trends

10. Which is not one of the features of IoT devices? a) Remotely controllable b) Programmable c) Can turn themselves off if necessary d) All of the above

The correct answer is option a) Remotely controllable

11. If Government plans to make a smart school by applying IoT concepts, how can each of the following be implemented in order to transform a school into IoT enabled smart school? a) e-textbooks b) Smart boards c) Online tests d) Wifi sensors on classrooms doors e) Sensors in buses to monitor their location f) Wearables (watches or smart belts) for attendance monitoring

a) e-textbooks : e-textbooks can be made available e-library by using web services. b) Smart Boards: Smart boards can be operated by digital stylus or pen and should be connected with network. c) Online Tests: A web portal or online examination should be prepared to conduct exams smoothly. d) Wifi sensors and classrooms doors: Wifi sensors and classroom doors can be used to lock and unlock them. These sensors also provides security to students and other stakeholders. e) Sensors in buses to monitor their location: These sensors enables quick reporting and monitoring to the coordinates and parents to know the status of child and bus after leaving the school. f) Wearables (watches or smart belts) for attendance monitoring: These devices can be used or implemented for students in such a way that identifies a student and marks the attendance accordingly.

12. Five friends plan to try a startup. However, they have a limited budget and limited computer infrastructure. How can they avail the benefits of cloud services to launch their startup?

They can go for registration with any suitable service provider either government or private. They can register for Infrastructure as a service to avail the facility of cloud storage and deploy applications initially.

13. Governments provide various scholarships to students of different classes. Prepare a report on how blockchain technology can be used to promote accountability, transparency, and efficiency in the distribution of scholarships?

As you are aware in blockchain technology, a separate ledger is created for individuals and stored so the transparency and efficiency automatically improve. The students can avail the scholarship in their ledger only. The transactions are also more authentic.

14. How IoT and WoT are related?

IoT and WoT both can be users on a network to communicate with multiple devices. They can provide a communication medium between various devices, this medium can be an app, a web service or any network-enabled device.

15. Match the following: Column A                                                                              1. You got a reminder to take medication  2. You got a SMS alert that you forgot to lock the door  3. You got the SMS alert that parking space is available near your block 4. You turned off your LED TV from your wristwatch  Column B i. Smart Parking ii. Smart Wearable  iii. Home Automation iv. Smart Health

Answer 1 – iv 2 – iii 3 – i 4 – ii NCERT Class 11 Solutions can be of great value if you are trying to excel in your school examinations. The journey starts directly from when you step into class 1 as every class holds great to use as you progress. CBSE Class 11 is no doubt a very valuable class and the last class of your school life. Not to mention, it also leads to a lot of career-making decisions as you seem for some important competitive exams to get your desire college. NCERT solution can help you immensely throughout this adventure of yours. NCERT Class 11 Solutions Although higher classes students like Class 10-12 should have a better knowledge of all the topics that will help them to examine deeper into the basics as well as an advanced level of questions that are asked in many competitive exams after 12 class. One of the best ways to achieve it is by answering questions of NCERT Books with the help of NCERT solutions. We at SelfStudys strive hard to devise better ideas in order to help students and give you detailed solutions for all questions from the NCERT textbook as per the latest CBSE CCE marking scheme pattern is to back you up in useful learning in all the exams conducted by CBSE curriculum. The plethora of advantages of referring to NCERT solutions requires an in-depth understanding of detailed solutions of all NCERT book’s questions. We have given all the detailed NCERT questions and solutions in PDF format which you can read for FREE. All you have to do is download the SelfStudys NCERT Solutions for Class 11 once for FREE and you are able to go. You can get all the Subject NCERT solutions by the links provided here. NCERT Solutions for all the subjects of Class 11 is available on this page including NCERT Class 11 Solution for Maths, Chemistry, Physics, English, Business Studies, Biology, economics are provided below to download in a free PDF file. NCERT Solution for Class 11 NCERT Class 11 Solutions to the questions with Chapter-wise, detailed are given with the objective of helping students compare their answers with the example. NCERT books provide a strong foundation for every chapter. They ensure a smooth and easy knowledge of advanced concepts. As suggested by the HRD ministry, they will perform a major role in JEE. NCERT Class 11 Solutions | NCERT Solution for Class 11 NCERT Solution for Class 11 includes all the questions given in NCERT Books for all Subjects. Here all questions are solved with detailed information and available for free to check. NCERT Solutions for Class 11 are given here for all chapter-wise. Select the subject and choose a chapter to view NCERT Solution chapter-wise. We hope that our NCERT Class 11 Solutions helped with your studies! If you liked our NCERT Solutions for Class 11, please share this post. Why NCERT Solutions for Class 11 is Important? NCERT Class 11 Solutions increases the base for conceptual knowledge. It provides a complete view of the prescribed syllabus, as the textbook doesn't have a detailed description of the syllabus nor solutions. All the important theorems and formulas of Class 11 are completely solved, which works to make the concepts and find new links to them. Importantly, the NCERT Class 11 Solutions is the point of reference for those students planning for competitive examinations such as NRRT, JEE Main/Advanced, BITSAT & VITEEE, etc. When the NCERT book is accompanied by the solutions, the knowledge of concepts becomes simple and in-depth. Moreover, students can trail into the solutions without break in topics, as it is designed to give a step-by-step explanation. Try out the Class 11 Solutions and learn from the resources. Why try NCERT Class 11 Solutions? Well, here are the solid reasons why you should and must try out the NCERT Class 11 Solutions. Has ERRORLESS answers with 100% Reasoning The quality of solutions is perfect Gives in-depth knowledge with notes shortly after the solutions with shortcuts, tips, alternative methods & points to remember Gives quick revision of the concepts included along with important definitions and Formulas on the chapters, which acts as a prepared refresher. Designed step-by-step to give 100% Concept Clearness